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Research Article
Performance Evaluation of Different Sorghum Genotypes (Sorghum bicolour (L.) Moench) Using GGE Bi-plot Stability Analysis
Nesrya Bedru*,
Temesgen Matiwos,
Techale Birhan,
Tegegn Belete
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 2, June 2024
Pages:
19-30
Received:
11 March 2024
Accepted:
24 April 2024
Published:
17 May 2024
Abstract: Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is an important essential cereal crop in Ethiopia. Conversely, its productivity is low due to numerous biotic and abiotic factors. There are diverse and dynamic environmental conditions which needs detail and continue study on genotypes by environment interaction (GEI) to develop stable genotypes. The objective of this study was to determine the magnitude of GEI for grain yield of forty two sorghum genotypes and to identify stable and high yielding genotypes across locations. The experiments were laid out at three locations for two growing seasons using alpha lattice design with three replications. The plot size 5 m x 0.75 m x 2 rows (7.5 m2) and distance between block, replication, and plot was 1m, 1.5m, and 0.75m, respectively. Phonologic, agronomic, diseases and grain yield data were collected but only grain yield was used for stability analysis. The ANOVA revealed highly significant variation (p <0.01) among sorghum genotypes across locations and seasons. Mean grain yield of genotypes ranged from 1.29 to 3.69 with mean grain yield of 2.36, while environment range from 1.18 to 3.63 t/ha. The genotype G1 showed good performance across all test sites which range 5th at E1,3rd at E3 and E4, 15th and 7th at E5 and E6 and maximum grain yield was harvested from E3. Yield data were also analyzed using the GGE (that is, G, genotype +GEI, genotypes-by- environment interaction) bi-plot method. The first two principal components (PC1 and PC2) were used to create a 2- dimensional GGE bi-plot and explained 59.67 and 13.48 % of GGE sum of squares, respectively. GGE bi- plot identified G16, G4, and G1 high yielders and stable and G34 and G25 was the lowest yielding and least stable across locations. On the other hand, the environment E6, E4 and E1 were the most suitable to select desirable genotypes.
Abstract: Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is an important essential cereal crop in Ethiopia. Conversely, its productivity is low due to numerous biotic and abiotic factors. There are diverse and dynamic environmental conditions which needs detail and continue study on genotypes by environment interaction (GEI) to develop stable genotypes. The objective...
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Review Article
Relative Phenotypic Performance of Crossbred Chicken as Step in Synthetic Breed Development in Ethiopia: A Review Article
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 2, June 2024
Pages:
31-37
Received:
1 April 2024
Accepted:
23 April 2024
Published:
24 May 2024
Abstract: The present review article aims to provide and summarize synthesized information regarding some of economically important traits on reproductive and productive performance of crossbred chicken to develop both adaptive and sustainable breed to the intended beneficiaries. Most of crossing were used full diallel mating design in both direct and reciprocal ways. Growth traits, egg production traits, reproductive traits and other economically important traits of crossbred chicken were assessed in comparison to their counterpart’s purebred both native and exotic parents. In the majority of crossbreeding studies, the hybrids surpassed the original native parental breeds in various traits studied, including body weight, feed conversion ratio, age at first egg, egg production, egg weight, and egg mass. The majority of hybrids achieved sexual maturity at an earlier age, laid more eggs, and produced a greater egg mass when compared to local chickens. Eggs from the hybrids were also heavier than those from the local chickens in certain crossbreeding experiments. In overall, crossbred chickens that combine the blood of exotic and local breeds tend to perform relatively better than indigenous chickens, which are typically characterized in low production due genetics. The frequent production of F1 crossbred demands in subsequent importation of exotic parent due to produced offspring chicken are terminal genetically. Also, the degree of heterosis retained in the crossbred decreased as generation increased due recombinant ad segregations effects. To overcome such problem producing adaptive and sustainable chicken breed through synthetic breeding is crucial for developing countries like Ethiopia.
Abstract: The present review article aims to provide and summarize synthesized information regarding some of economically important traits on reproductive and productive performance of crossbred chicken to develop both adaptive and sustainable breed to the intended beneficiaries. Most of crossing were used full diallel mating design in both direct and recipr...
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Research Article
Implication of CYP17A1 Gene Mutations in the Association of Fibroma and Pregnancy in Senegalese Women
Codou Diop*,
Bineta Kénémé,
Ndèye Ka,
Pape Mbacké Sembene
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 2, June 2024
Pages:
38-47
Received:
23 May 2023
Accepted:
20 May 2024
Published:
19 June 2024
Abstract: Background. Uterine fibroids are the most common gynaecological tumours and represent a significant medical and financial burden. Several genetic, hormonal and biological factors have been shown to contribute to the development and growth of these tumors. Objective. We aimed to evaluate the evolution of fibroma during pregnancy and understand the genetic link between fibroma and pregnancy in Senegalese women. Methods. We analyzed the functional impact of non-synonymous variants on the CYP17A1 protein in 20 pregnant patients with fibroids, using PCR-sequencing. First of all, mutations were detected using Mutation Surveyor, then the functional impact of non-synonymous variants was analysed using In Silico tools, the secondary and three-dimensional structure of the protein were also analysed. After, raw data were aligned using BioEdit software for doing phylogenetic analysis. Results. The results show that the CYP17A1 gene is involved in the development of uterine fibroids in pregnant women, and that the c.-34T>C polymorphism plays an important role; on the one hand, some of non-synonymous mutations (p.Lys26Thr and p.Ser30Asn) have caused genetic disorders on the secondary structure, and on the other, others (p.Lys26Thr, p.Ser30Asn and p.Ser39Asn) have destabilizing effects on the protein. Conclusion. The c.-34T>C polymorphism is involved in fibroid cell growth during pregnancy through the effect of hormone overexpression, while non-synonymous variants lead to dysfunction in protein synthesis. The c.76A>T (p.Lys26*) mutation results in a truncated CYP17A1 protein, and cause premature loss of function. The non-synonymous variants (p.Lys26Thr, p.Ser30Asn and p.Ser39Asn) induce a change in the enzyme's biological function.
Abstract: Background. Uterine fibroids are the most common gynaecological tumours and represent a significant medical and financial burden. Several genetic, hormonal and biological factors have been shown to contribute to the development and growth of these tumors. Objective. We aimed to evaluate the evolution of fibroma during pregnancy and understand the g...
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